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Desensitizing is one of the most critical steps in a horse’s training process. At the "2nd grade" level, horses should begin learning to stay calm and trust their handler in different situations. This builds on the foundation established in kindergarten (basic groundwork) and 1st grade (setting boundaries).
Many people make mistakes in this phase, either by rushing or by using improper techniques. To help you succeed, here are the essential do’s and don’ts of desensitizing a horse effectively and safely.
The Importance of Boundaries
Do: Teach Personal Space First
Before you start desensitizing, the horse must understand basic respect and boundaries. This means:
- Not running into you.
- Not running away from you.
- Learning to stand still when asked.
If the horse respects your space and remains calm, it's ready to move on to desensitization training.
Don’t: Ignore Safety Precautions
A horse that hasn’t learned to respect space can become dangerous. Rushing into desensitization without first setting boundaries increases the risk of the horse reacting unpredictably.
Proper Handling of Equipment
Do: Hold the Lead Rope Correctly
The lead rope is one of the first tools used in desensitization. To maintain control:
- Hold the rope at the end with an overhand grip.
- This makes it easier to manage and prevents the rope from getting tangled around your wrist.
Don’t: Wrap the Rope Around Your Hand
Many beginners make the mistake of wrapping the rope around their hand. This is extremely dangerous because if the horse pulls away, you could get dragged or injured.
Introducing the Lead Rope for Desensitization
Do: Start with Gentle Movements
The first step is using the lead rope to touch different parts of the horse's body.
- Start by swinging the rope gently around the horse.
- Focus on areas like the withers first (the least sensitive part).
- Gradually work your way to more sensitive areas like the flanks and back legs.
If the horse moves, step with it instead of letting it move away freely.
Don’t: Stand Directly in Front of the Horse
Always stand slightly to the side. If the horse moves forward suddenly, you won’t be in its path.
Using a Flag Stick for Further Desensitization
Do: Use the Flag Stick Correctly
Once the horse is comfortable with the lead rope, introduce the flag stick:
- Move the flag down the lead rope toward the horse’s nose.
- Always come from above, never from below (predators attack from below, which can cause fear).
- Maintain constant contact while moving the flag along the horse’s body.
Don’t: Cover the Horse’s Eyes
Some people mistakenly place the flag over the horse’s eyes. This can trigger a panic response, causing the horse to bolt forward.
Instead, keep the flag where the horse can see it at all times.
Adjusting Your Grip for Control
Do: Change Your Grip as Needed
Your grip on the flag stick should adjust depending on the horse’s behavior:
- For striking or biting horses: Hold the stick at the end to create distance.
- For better precision: Choke up on the stick for faster movements and accuracy.
This allows you to correct the horse’s reaction instantly if needed.
Don’t: Use the Flag Stick Aggressively
Many people mistakenly wave the flag erratically or too forcefully. This can cause fear instead of trust. Instead, move smoothly and confidently, treating it like any other normal activity.
Crossing Over to the Other Side
Do: Move the Flag Stick in a Controlled Motion
At some point, you'll need to switch the flag stick to the other side of the horse’s body. The best way to do this is:
- Choke up on the stick for better control.
- Move the flag around the saddle horn and back in front of the horse’s eye.
- This smooth motion prevents sudden reactions and keeps the horse’s focus on you.
Don’t: Cross Over Without Preparation
If you move the flag too quickly or unexpectedly, the horse may panic and move into your space. Always be prepared before making the switch.
Introducing the Tarp
Do: Follow the Same Steps as the Flag Stick
The tarp is the final desensitization tool. The same principles apply:
- Move down the lead rope to the horse’s nose.
- Step to the side for safety.
- Maintain contact so the horse remains aware.
- Once comfortable, drape the tarp over the horse’s back.
Don’t: Forget to Control the Horse’s Head
When introducing the tarp, always keep a hand on the lead rope. If the horse moves, you can guide it and prevent it from stepping into you.
The Ultimate Goal: Teaching the Horse to Stand Still
Many trainers focus on "getting the horse’s feet moving," which is important for certain exercises. However, when it comes to desensitization, the goal is the opposite.
Do: Teach the Horse to Stop When Unsure
A horse that freezes when confused is far safer than one that panics and bolts. This prevents dangerous behaviors like:
- Bucking
- Rearing
- Running off
Don’t: Allow the Horse to Find Release by Running
If the horse learns that moving away is an escape from pressure, it will continue to do so. Instead, encourage it to stand still and process what’s happening.
Final Thoughts
Desensitizing is an essential step in training a calm and confident horse. By following these do’s and don’ts, you create a structured learning environment that builds trust and respect.
Key takeaways:
✅ Start with clear boundaries.
✅ Use the right tools in the right order.
✅ Always maintain control of the horse’s movement.
✅ Teach the horse that standing still is the best response.
With patience and consistency, you’ll have a horse that remains calm in any situation, making for a safer and more enjoyable riding experience.
